You interact with a touch screen monitor constantly throughout your daily life. You will see them in cell phones, ATM’s, kiosks, ticket vending machines, manufacturing plants and more. All of these use touch panels to enable the user to interact with a computer or device without the use of a keyboard or mouse. But did you know there are several uniquely different types of Touch Screens? The five most common types of touch screen are: 5-Wire Resistive, Surface Capacitive touch, Projected Capacitive (P-Cap), SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave), and IR (Infrared).
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We are often asked “How does a touch screen monitor work?” A touch screen basically replaces the functionality of a keyboard and mouse. Below is a basic description of 5 types of touch screen monitor technology.
The advantages and disadvantages of type of touch screen will help you decide which type touchscreen is most appropriate for your needs:
5-Wire Resistive Touch is the most widely touch technology in use today. A resistive touch screen monitor is composed of a glass panel and a film screen, each covered with a thin metallic layer, separated by a narrow gap. For instance, when a user touches the screen, the two metallic layers make contact, resulting in electrical flow. The point of contact is detected by this change in voltage.
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Surface Capacitive touch screen is the second most popular type of touch screens on the market. In a surface capacitive touch screen monitor, a transparent electrode layer is placed on top of a glass panel. This is then covered by a protective cover. When an exposed finger touches the monitor screen, it reacts to the static electrical capacity of the human body. Consequently, some of the electrical charge transfers from the screen to the user. This decrease in capacitance is detected by sensors located at the four corners of the screen, allowing the controller to determine the touch point. Surface capacitive touch screens can only be activated by the touch of human skin or a stylus holding an electrical charge.
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Projected Capacitive (P-Cap) is similar to Surface Capacitive, but it offers two primary advantages. First, in addition to a bare finger, it can also be activated with surgical gloves or thin cotton gloves. Secondly, P-Cap enables multi-touch activation (simultaneous input from two or more fingers). A projected capacitive touch screen is composed of a sheet of glass with embedded transparent electrode films and an IC chip. This creates a three dimensional electrostatic field. Therefore, when a finger comes into contact with the screen, the ratios of the electrical currents change and the computer is able to detect the touch points. All our P-Cap touch screens feature a Zero-Bezel enclosure.
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SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) touch screen monitors utilize a series of piezoelectric transducers and receivers. These are positioned along the sides of the monitor’s glass plate to create an invisible grid of ultrasonic waves on the surface. When the panel is touched, a portion of the wave is absorbed. This allows the receiving transducer to locate the touch point and send this data to the computer. SAW monitors can be activated by a finger, gloved hand, or soft-tip stylus. SAW monitors offer easy use and high visibility.
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IR (Infrared) type touch screen monitors do not overlay the display with an additional screen or screen sandwich. Instead, infrared monitors use IR emitters and receivers to create an invisible grid of light beams across the screen. This ensures the best possible image quality. When an object interrupts the invisible infrared light beam, the sensors are able to locate the touch point. The X and Y coordinates are then sent to the controller.
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We hope you found these touch screen basics useful. TRU-Vu provides industrial touch screen monitors in a wide range of sizes and configurations. This includes UL-1 Medical touch screens, Sunlight Readable touch screens, Open Frame touch screens, Waterproof touch screens and many custom touch screen designs. You can learn more by viewing TRU-Vu Touchscreens or call us at 847-259-. To address safety and hygiene concerns, see our article on “Touch Screen Cleaning and Disinfecting“.
In today’s digital age, Touch Screen technology has become an integral part of our daily lives. From smartphones to interactive kiosks, Touch Screens offer a convenient and intuitive way to interact with electronic devices. Infrared Touch Screen, known for its accuracy, durability, and multi-touch capabilities. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the intricacies of infrared Touch Screen, how it works, its advantages and limitations, applications, and more.
Touch Screens enable users to interact directly with a device by touching its display. Infrared Touch Screen utilizes a matrix of infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors integrated into the screen’s bezel. When a user touches the screen, the interruption of infrared light beams is detected, enabling precise touch input.
Overview of the Infrared Spectrum
Infrared radiation lies beyond the range of visible light on the electromagnetic spectrum. It encompasses a range of wavelengths from 700 nanometers to 1 millimeter. Infrared Touch Screens typically operate in the near-infrared region, around 850 nanometers.
Principle of Infrared Touch Detection
An infrared Touch Screen consists of a grid of LEDs on one side and photodetectors on the opposite side. The LEDs emit infrared light across the screen, creating an invisible grid. When a user’s finger or any object touches the screen, it blocks the infrared light, causing a decrease in the light received by the photodetectors. By analyzing the pattern of interrupted light beams, the Touch Screen controller determines the precise touch location.
Components of an Infrared Touch Screen System
An infrared Touch Screen system comprises several key components. These include infrared LEDs, photodetectors, a Touch Screen controller, an interface board, and the display panel itself. The Touch Screen controller processes the photodetector signals and communicates with the device’s operating system to translate touch input into commands.
Infrared Touch Screens offer several advantages that make them suitable for various applications:
High Touch Accuracy and Precision
One of the primary advantages of infrared Touch Screens is their high touch accuracy. The use of infrared light allows for the precise detection of touch points, resulting in accurate and responsive touch input. This accuracy makes them ideal for applications that require precise interaction, such as drawing or selecting small objects.
Excellent Durability and Resistance to Physical Damage
Infrared Touch Screens are highly durable and resistant to physical damage. Since they don’t rely on a soft overlay or capacitive sensors, they can withstand harsh treatment and are less prone to scratches or cracks. This durability makes them suitable for public environments with heavy usages, such as museums, airports, or educational institutions.
Multi-touch Capabilities
Infrared Touch Screens support multi-touch functionality, allowing users to perform gestures like pinch-to-zoom, rotate, or swipe with multiple fingers simultaneously. This capability enhances the user experience and enables advanced interactions in applications like gaming or design software.
Immunity to Environmental Factors
Unlike capacitive Touch Screens, which can be affected by moisture or gloves, infrared Touch Screens are immune to such environmental factors. They work reliably even when exposed to water or when the user is wearing gloves, making them suitable for outdoor installations or industrial environments.
While infrared Touch Screens offer many advantages, they also have a few limitations:
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Susceptibility to Ambient Light Interference
Infrared Touch Screens can be susceptible to ambient light interference. Strong sources of infrared light, such as direct sunlight or bright indoor lighting, can interfere with touch detection. However, advancements in filter technologies and software algorithms have minimized these issues in modern infrared Touch Screen systems.
Limited Touch Detection in Certain Conditions
Infrared Touch Screens may have difficulty detecting touch input when the user is wearing gloves made of certain materials or using non-conductive objects. This limitation arises due to the principle of infrared touch detection, which requires the interruption of infrared light beams.
Higher Power Consumption Compared to Other Technologies
Compared to other Touch Screen technologies like capacitive or resistive, infrared Touch Screens generally consume more power. The requirement of continuously emitting infrared light necessitates a constant power supply. However, with advancements in energy-efficient components, power consumption has been significantly reduced in recent years.
Infrared Touch Screen finds applications across various industries and sectors:
Interactive Kiosks and Self-Service Terminals
Infrared Touch Screens are widely used in interactive kiosks and self-service terminals. They enable users to navigate menus, make selections, and complete transactions in a user-friendly manner. From information kiosks in museums to ticketing machines in transportation hubs, infrared Touch Screens enhance the user experience and streamline operations.
Point-of-Sale (POS) Systems
Infrared Touch Screens are also popular in point-of-sale (POS) systems. Their accuracy and durability make them suitable for high-traffic environments like retail stores or restaurants. With multi-touch capabilities, cashiers can quickly process transactions, while customers can sign digitally or enter PIN codes securely.
Gaming and Entertainment Devices
Infrared Touch Screens have made their way into gaming and entertainment devices. From arcade machines to interactive displays in amusement parks, infrared Touch Screens provide an immersive and interactive gaming experience. Multi-touch support allows for multiplayer games and intuitive controls.
Industrial and Medical Equipment
Infrared Touch Screens are used in industrial and medical equipment due to their durability and resistance to environmental factors. In manufacturing environments, they facilitate control panels and equipment interfaces, while in medical settings, they enable touch input in surgical displays or diagnostic equipment.
While infrared Touch Screens have their advantages, it’s essential to compare them with other prevalent Touch Screen technologies:
Capacitive Touch Screens are widely used in smartphones and tablets. They rely on the electrical properties of the human body to detect touch input. Capacitive screens offer excellent touch sensitivity and can detect multiple touch points. However, they may not work well with gloves or non-conductive objects.
Resistive Touch Screens consist of two flexible layers coated with a conductive material separated by small air gaps. When pressure is applied, the layers touch, creating a touch event. Resistive screens are cost-effective and work well with gloves or styluses. However, they may lack the precision and multi-touch capabilities of infrared Touch Screens.
Surface acoustic wave Touch Screens use ultrasonic waves to detect touch input. They have high image clarity and can support multiple touchpoints. However, SAW screens are susceptible to surface contaminants and may require regular maintenance.
When selecting an infrared Touch Screen, several factors should be considered:
Screen Size and Resolution
The screen size and resolution should align with the intended application. Larger screens are suitable for public displays or kiosks, while smaller screens may be preferred for personal devices. Higher resolutions ensure sharp image quality and precise touch detection.
Touch Accuracy and Responsiveness
The touch accuracy and responsiveness of the infrared Touch Screen should meet the specific requirements of the application. For tasks requiring fine precision, such as graphic design or medical applications, higher accuracy is crucial.
Environmental Factors and Installation Requirements
Consider the environmental conditions in which the Touch Screen will be used. If the device is exposed to direct sunlight or moisture, ensure that the Touch Screen can handle such conditions. Additionally, installation requirements, such as mounting options or integration with existing systems, should be taken into account.
Cost and Budget Considerations
The cost of an infrared Touch Screen varies depending on factors like size, features, and brand. Consider the budget constraints and choose a Touch Screen that provides the necessary functionality without exceeding the allocated budget.
To ensure optimal performance and longevity of an infrared Touch Screen, the following maintenance and care tips should be followed:
Cleaning Methods and Materials
Use a soft, lint-free cloth to clean the Touch Screen surface. Avoid abrasive materials or harsh chemicals that could damage the screen. Mild soap and water or a screen cleaning solution specifically designed for Touch Screens can be used.
Avoiding Scratches and Physical Damage
Protect the Touch Screen from scratches and physical damage by using a screen protector or cover. Avoid using sharp objects or excessive force when interacting with the screen. Regularly inspect the screen for any signs of damage and address them promptly.
Regular Calibration and Software Updates
Perform regular calibration of the Touch Screen to maintain accurate touch detection. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for calibration procedures. Additionally, keep the Touch Screen’s firmware and software up to date to benefit from any performance improvements or bug fixes.
Infrared Touch Screen continues to evolve, and future developments hold promising advancements. Some potential trends include:
Infrared Touch Screen offers a reliable, accurate, and durable solution for various interactive applications. With high touch accuracy, multi-touch capabilities, and resistance to environmental factors, infrared Touch Screens have found their place in industries ranging from retail and gaming to healthcare and manufacturing. By understanding how infrared Touch Screens work, their advantages and limitations, and factors to consider when choosing and maintaining them, users can make informed decisions and leverage the full potential of this technology.
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