LED Flexible strip Chips also known as SMDs (surface mounted diodes) is where an LED chip is soldered directly to the PCB (Printed circuit board) without using wires.
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LED strip lighting is an amazing form factor with a multitude of real life applicational uses. LED Flex is revolutionizing how and where light can be utilized in residential and commercial spaces. It can be manufactured with many different types and qualities of LED Chips, components, PCB thicknesses and color temperatures. These LED chips all offer something a little bit different, but perform the same basic task of providing light. We will explain what these chips represent and how to choose the right fit for your application.
The 3528 LED is 3.5 x 2.8mm which is an excellent size because it allows for the use of a smaller PCB. The 3528 LED chip consists of one LED per lighting source providing to be the least power intensive chip but provides excellent colour consistency while being cost effective and power saving. This chip can be used for indoor applications such as accent, display or cove lighting in homes, bars, restaurants, hotels, and other locations that require lower luminosity or single color lighting.
3528 SMDs are available in IP67 and in a waterproof silicone covering.
Lumenstar supplies 3528 in 12V using 60 SMDs per meter or 24V, manufactured to draw double the amount of LEDs, using 120 SMDs per meter. This double power 3528 can be used in similar applications, however, can additionally be used for ambient as it features a high power.
Voltage Wattage # of LEDs Color Lumens Lengths Cut Distance 12V 4.8W/M 60 SMD/M Warm White, Cool White,LEDs come in a huge variety of styles. We'll take a look at the most common features:
Mounting Types
There are three common way in which LEDs can be mounted:
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THT components might be what you are most familiar with: Their pins go through holes in a PCB and are soldered on the other side.
SMD parts are soldered directly to the surface of a PCB. With this method they can be made much smaller than THT parts and are perfect for tiny projects, such as wearables. On the flipside they are more difficult to solder.
Some LEDs, especially power LEDs are mounted on an aluminum or ceramic substrate to improve the cooling. They are meant to be mounted with either screws or a thermal adhesive.
Optics
The LED chip itself produces a wide beam of light (about 120°). To make it suitable for spotlights a clear dome is placed right above the chip to act as a lens. Some LEDs, so called diffused LEDs, don't have any beam at all, they evenly scatter the light in all directions. This is very useful for indication LEDs as the light is visible from any direction.
Multi-Color/ RGB LEDs
You may have seen LEDs with multiple chips for different colors into one case. With such LEDs you can not only select the color you want, but also mix the light to get any color in between! We'll come back to this in "Chapter 3: Switching & Dimming".
Often it is not possible to have two dedicated pins for each LED chip, in such case either the anodes or cathodes are connected internally to only one common pin.
LED Matrix
Similar to Multi-Color LEDs these contain multiple LEDs in one package, but usually all the same color. They are also available as both, common anode and common cathode configurations. They can be used to display text or numbers and are readable from quite afar. However the high LED count usually requires a micro-controller and multiplexing. In "Chapter 4: Matrix & Multiplexing" we'll dig deeper into this.
7 Segment Display
While numbers can be displayed with a simple LED matrix, a seven segment display provides a much more elegant solution with way less LEDs you need to control. Alphanumeric displays are based on the same idea, but with a total of 14 or 16 segments they can show in addition all uppercase English letters. Electrically this kind of display is identical to the common LED matrix.
Integrated circuit
No matter the light effect you want, with some effort everything is possible. For the most common effects, such as blinking or color cycling, you don't even need to invest that much time. Some LEDs come equipped with a tiny circuit to do just that.
A very special LED is the WS2812/ WS2812B, sold as "Neopixel" by Adafruit. The chip inside takes serial data from a micro-controller (such as an arduino) and controls the RGB LED to match that!
No matter which LED you decide to get, check the datasheet briefly, so you don't miss anything important.
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