The NiCd batteries prefer fast charge to slow charge and pulse charge to DC charge. All other chemistries prefer a shallow discharge and moderate load currents. The NiCd is a strong and silent worker; hard labor poses no problem. In fact, the NiCd is the one of the best battery type that performs well under rigorous working conditions. It does not like to be pampered by sitting in chargers for days and being used only occasionally for brief periods. Among rechargeable batteries, NiCd remains a popular choice for applications such as two-way radios, emergency medical equipment, airplane, railway, marine, oil gas and power tools. Batteries with higher energy densities are causing a diversion from NiCd to newer technologies these days.
Advantages and Limitations of NiCd Batteries:
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Advantages:
•Fast and simple charge — even after prolonged storage.
•High number of charge/discharge cycles — if properly maintained, the NiCd provides over charge/discharge cycles.
•Good load performance — the NiCd allows recharging at low temperatures.
•Long shelf life – in any state-of-charge.
•Simple storage and transportation — most airfreight companies accept the NiCd without special conditions.
•Good low temperature performance.
•Forgiving if abused — the NiCd is one of the most rugged rechargeable batteries.
•Economically priced — the NiCd is the lowest cost battery in terms of cost per cycle.
•Available in a wide range of sizes and performance options — most NiCd cells are cylindrical.
Limitations:
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•Relatively low energy density — compared with newer systems.
•Environmentally unfriendly — the NiCd contains toxic metals. Some countries are limiting the use of the NiCd battery.
•Has relatively high self-discharge — needs recharging after storage.